Also known as exodontia, is the removal of a tooth from the mouth. Extractions are performed for a wide variety of reasons, including tooth decay that has destroyed enough tooth structure to render the tooth non-restorable.

Simple extractions are performed on teeth that are visible in the mouth and require only the use of instruments to elevate and/or grasp the visible portion of the tooth.

Surgical extractions involve the removal of teeth that cannot be easily accessed either because they have broken under the gum line or because they have not erupted fully. Surgical extractions almost always require an incision.